Papers
Browse academic papers referenced in production code
GSPMD: General and Scalable Parallelization for ML Computation Graphs
We present GSPMD, an automatic, compiler-based parallelization system for common machine learning computations. It allows users to write programs in the same way as for a single device, then give hints through a few annotations on how to distribute t...
On Layer Normalization in the Transformer Architecture
The Transformer is widely used in natural language processing tasks. To train a Transformer however, one usually needs a carefully designed learning rate warm-up stage, which is shown to be crucial to the final performance but will slow down the opti...
Data-Free Quantization Through Weight Equalization and Bias Correction
We introduce a data-free quantization method for deep neural networks that does not require fine-tuning or hyperparameter selection. It achieves near-original model performance on common computer vision architectures and tasks. 8-bit fixed-point quan...
Mish: A Self Regularized Non-Monotonic Activation Function
We propose $\textit{Mish}$, a novel self-regularized non-monotonic activation function which can be mathematically defined as: $f(x)=x\tanh(softplus(x))$. As activation functions play a crucial role in the performance and training dynamics in neural ...
Searching for MobileNetV3
We present the next generation of MobileNets based on a combination of complementary search techniques as well as a novel architecture design. MobileNetV3 is tuned to mobile phone CPUs through a combination of hardware-aware network architecture sear...
Trained Quantization Thresholds for Accurate and Efficient Fixed-Point Inference of Deep Neural Networks
We propose a method of training quantization thresholds (TQT) for uniform symmetric quantizers using standard backpropagation and gradient descent. Contrary to prior work, we show that a careful analysis of the straight-through estimator for threshol...
GossipGraD: Scalable Deep Learning using Gossip Communication based Asynchronous Gradient Descent
In this paper, we present GossipGraD - a gossip communication protocol based Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) algorithm for scaling Deep Learning (DL) algorithms on large-scale systems. The salient features of GossipGraD are: 1) reduction in overall...
Quantizing deep convolutional networks for efficient inference: A whitepaper
We present an overview of techniques for quantizing convolutional neural networks for inference with integer weights and activations. Per-channel quantization of weights and per-layer quantization of activations to 8-bits of precision post-training p...
Categorical Reparameterization with Gumbel-Softmax
Categorical variables are a natural choice for representing discrete structure in the world. However, stochastic neural networks rarely use categorical latent variables due to the inability to backpropagate through samples. In this work, we present a...
An Empirical Exploration of Recurrent Network Architectures.
This document examines the OData protocol as a new service oriented approach for distributed IT architectures. The main features of OData were compared with properties of well-established solutions like: REST, DCOM and Java RMI. OData's protocol is p...
Fast and Accurate Deep Network Learning by Exponential Linear Units (ELUs)
We introduce the "exponential linear unit" (ELU) which speeds up learning in deep neural networks and leads to higher classification accuracies. Like rectified linear units (ReLUs), leaky ReLUs (LReLUs) and parametrized ReLUs (PReLUs), ELUs alleviate...
Spatial Transformer Networks
Convolutional Neural Networks define an exceptionally powerful class of models, but are still limited by the lack of ability to be spatially invariant to the input data in a computationally and parameter efficient manner. In this work we introduce a ...
Improving neural networks by preventing co-adaptation of feature detectors
When a large feedforward neural network is trained on a small training set, it typically performs poorly on held-out test data. This "overfitting" is greatly reduced by randomly omitting half of the feature detectors on each training case. This preve...
A simple method for generating gamma variables
<jats:p> We offer a procedure for generating a gamma variate as the cube of a suitably scaled normal variate. It is fast and simple, assuming one has a fast way to generate normal variables. In brief: generate a normal variate ...
TPU-KNN: K Nearest Neighbor Search at Peak FLOP/s
This paper presents a novel nearest neighbor search algorithm achieving TPU (Google Tensor Processing Unit) peak performance, outperforming state-of-the-art GPU algorithms with similar level of recall. The design of the proposed algorithm is motivate...
A Short Note about Kinetics-600
We describe an extension of the DeepMind Kinetics human action dataset from 400 classes, each with at least 400 video clips, to 600 classes, each with at least 600 video clips. In order to scale up the dataset we changed the data collection process s...
BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding
We introduce a new language representation model called BERT, which stands for Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers. Unlike recent language representation models, BERT is designed to pre-train deep bidirectional representations fro...